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The determination of the concentration of a given component in solution (the analyte) by addition of a liquid reagent of known strength (the titrant)…

An array of tests used to determine the toxicity of a substance to living systems. These include tests on clinical drugs, foods, and environmental po…

Experiments designed to determine the potential toxic effects of one-time, short-term exposure to a chemical or chemicals.

Experiments designed to determine the potential toxic effects of a long-term exposure to a chemical or chemicals.

Experiments designed to determine the potential toxic effects of a short-term (a few weeks) exposure to a chemical or chemicals.

Experiments designed to determine the potential toxic effects of mid-term (a few months) exposure to a chemical or chemicals.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic ce…

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformati…

The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuri…

Pleural-fluid biochemical profile consistent with a transudate.

Syphilis serodiagnosis employing as the antigen Treponema pallidum obtained from rabbit syphilis orchitis. Treponemes are kept alive for a few hours …

One of several skin tests to determine past or present tuberculosis infection. A purified protein derivative of the tubercle bacilli, called tubercul…

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of tumor stem cells by assaying their activity. It is used primarily for the in vitro tes…

Methods of comparing two or more samples on the same two-dimensional gel electrophoresis gel.

Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Techn…

Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. Routine urinalysis usually includes performing chemical screening tests, determinin…

Microscopic visualization and/or chemical analysis of the sediments in URINE.